The Clever Teens' Guide to World War One: The Clever Teens’ Guides, #5
By Felix Rhodes
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About this ebook
The Clever Teens' Guide to World War One: The perfect guide for background reading or revision.
It lasted over 1,500 days and was without parallel. World War One threw the globe into a war of unprecedented horror, fought with terrifying new weapons, and of death on an industrial magnitude, a war that involved so many nations and reached into the very fabric of society. The war of 1914 – 1918 changed the world and shaped the twentieth century.
The Clever Teens' Guide to World War One covers all the major facts and events giving you a clear and straightforward overview: from the pre-war tensions, the assassination that sparked the war to its bloody conclusion four years later. Read about the huge battles on the Western Front, the Eastern Front, the war at sea and in the air, and the war in Africa and the Middle East.
Includes links to a further 21 articles expanding on topics introduced within the book.
More than just a textbook.
Part of the Clever Teens' series:
The Clever Teens' Guide to World War One
The Clever Teens' Guide to The Russian Revolution
The Clever Teens' Guide to Nazi Germany
The Clever Teens' Guide to World War Two
The Clever Teens' Guide to The Cold War
The Clever Teens' Bumper edition (all five books in one edition)
Ideal for your "clever teenager".
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Titles in the series (6)
The Clever Teens’ Guide to World War Two: The Clever Teens’ Guides, #1 Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Clever Teens' Guide to Nazi Germany: The Clever Teens’ Guides, #4 Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Clever Teens' Guide to The Cold War: The Clever Teens’ Guides, #2 Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Clever Teens' Guide to The Russian Revolution: The Clever Teens’ Guides, #3 Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Clever Teens' Guide Bumper Edition: The Clever Teens’ Guides Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Clever Teens' Guide to World War One: The Clever Teens’ Guides, #5 Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratings
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The Clever Teens' Guide to World War One - Felix Rhodes
The Clever Teens’ Guide To
World War One
By Felix Rhodes
© 2017 Felix Rhodes
Pre-1914
Europe in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was a continent of rivalry and enmity. The Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1 had humiliated the French. Germany, victors in that war, had only become a unified nation in 1871 and sought to expand its influence both within Europe and, by developing a colonial empire, beyond it. In this they viewed Great Britain with hostility. Britain, with its vast empire and expanding military strength, did nothing to allay Germany’s concerns. The Austro-Hungarian empire feared Russia’s expanding influence in the Balkans, while Russia had suffered its own humiliating defeat at the hands of the Japanese in 1904-05.
Against this backdrop of mutual suspicion and fear, various alliances were signed. Germany and Austria-Hungary signed the Dual Alliance
in 1879, with Italy adding its signature three years later. Each nation agreed to come to the aid of the others in the event of war. This, in turn, led to a rival Dual Alliance between Russia and France signed in 1894. Germany was now in the situation that if it came to war, they faced the prospect of a war on two fronts
– against Russia on its eastern border, and France in the west. Great Britain had pursued a policy of splendid isolation
, preferring to concentrate on retaining and expanding its imperial possessions. But the evolving situation in Europe forced Britain to reconsider. Hence, Britain signed treaties with France (1904) and Russia (1907). Although not technically military alliances, it certainly drew the three nations closer.
Thus by 1907, the sides had been drawn – the Triple Alliance on one side; the Triple Entente on the other. Tensions continued to rise – the German and British naval race, Italy’s attempted colonial expansion, and growing ethnic tension in the Balkans that resulted in two Balkan wars between 1912 and late 1913. Russia was also expanding its military – a cause for concern within Germany.
Bosnia had been part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire since 1908. Bosnian Serbs craved independence and called on their fellow Serbs in Serbia to help them realise their ambitions. Serbia, although victorious in both Balkan Wars, was not in a position to help. But then in June 1914, a small group of Serbian free fighters (or terrorists – depending on one’s point of view) forced the issue.
Assassination
The heir to the Austro-Hungarian Habsburg throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, had planned a visit to Sarajevo, the Bosnian capital, on June 28, 1914. He knew it was a tactless date –June 28 was, and still is, Serbia’s national holiday – not a good day for the nephew of a ruling emperor to be lording it over them. Despite strong advice to stay away and warnings