A History of Music and Singing in Wales - A Collection of Historical Articles on the Origins and Character of Welsh Music
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A History of Music and Singing in Wales - A Collection of Historical Articles on the Origins and Character of Welsh Music - Read Books Ltd.
Trevelyan
THE MUSIC OF WALES
The Welsh are generally regarded as a musical nation, and it would be a bold man who would seek to deny this. If you find a score of Welsh people, in Wales or out of it, you will find a choir. They sing, for their own delight, and they always sing in harmony. They sing in parts as naturally and easily as they talk. They like music, they like talking about it. They sing in tune, and their voices have a pleasant quality, especially in combination. They are quite un-selfconscious about their singing: they do not need the stimulus of an audience. Whether they meet in tens or in thousands, in a small country chapel or in a vast assembly in the open air, at a football match or a political gathering, they sing freely and without any pre-arrangement. It is not necessary to organize singing in Wales: it happens of its own.
Clearly, a people of whom this is true must be allowed to be musical, to be gifted in that art, and to approach it with a pre-disposition. But it is legitimate to ask whether their contribution to the world’s music corresponds to their native endowment, and the answer is somewhat puzzling and disappointing.
Wales has not produced a great composer, nor indeed has she come within measureable distance of doing so. No Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, Brahms; not even a Weber or Rossini or Gounod, to descend in the scale. Her neighbour England, often quite wrongly traduced as being an unmusical nation, has produced an Elgar in our time, and a galaxy of composers in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Even admitting that genius is not born according to plan, and that the great composer is a gift to a country as unexpected as uncontrivable, there is such a thing as a mass of talent and the confident expectation that the great man will surely come to stand upon the shoulders of faithful servants of the art. In many European countries, at various stages in their history, there have been periods of mere competence, of steady devotion, and of patient waiting for the miracle to happen and for the new voice to be heard. It has never been true of Wales, until very recent times, that the country was set and ready for the appearance of the great composer. The pre-requisites were lacking: there was no orchestra, no opera-house, no body of instrumentalists to set a standard of performance. Consequently, there was no opportunity of hearing the works of the great composers of the past. A musician cannot grow in silence, deprived of hearing, unacquainted with the classics of his art: he must reach the frontiers of music and be familiar with the work of his predecessors and his contemporaries before he begins to explore and conquer new territory.
Reference has already been made to the fact that there is no urban tradition in Wales: the art of living in towns has not been cultivated, the intelligent patron of the arts—in the days when such existed—did not live in Wales. The great landowners drew their income from Wales and spent it in England or on the Continent, making no attempt to enrich life in their own country, or to provide in it the graces and adornments which they demanded elsewhere. The eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the years of orchestral growth and formation, passed by without creating the habit of orchestral music in Wales. Orchestral music and opera, and even chamber music as we know it to-day, belong to towns: they are part of an urban civilization which Wales did not possess. That is why Wales has produced no composers of standing, to say nothing of genius. Time alone will show whether the comparatively recent provision of orchestral music, on an unextravagant scale, will bring about a change.
Like every other country, Wales has a large fund of folk music, of folk songs, and of instrumental tunes. No one has yet succeeded in securing general agreement upon the question: how old must a song be before it can be called a folksong? There is, of course, a science of folksong, with its careful examination of variant forms, of imitations, of echo phrases and common turns of musical speech, of period
modes and styles. The folksong of yesterday often turns out to be a slight variation upon an older melody whose composer we know. But when all has been done in the way of pruning and sorting and comparing, the fact remains that the corpus