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    Kingdoms and Domains: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth
    Kingdoms and Domains: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth
    Kingdoms and Domains: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth
    Ebook1,915 pages74 hours

    Kingdoms and Domains: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth

    By Lynn Margulis and Michael J. Chapman

    4.5/5

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    About this ebook

    Now published by Academic Press and revised from the author's previous Five Kingdoms Third edition, this extraordinary, all inclusive catalogue of the world’s living organisms describes the diversity of the major groups, or phyla, of nature’s most inclusive taxa. Developed after consultation with specialists, this modern classification scheme is consistent both with the fossil record and with recent molecular, morphological and metabolic data. Generously illustrated, now in full color, Kingdoms and Domains is remarkably easy to read. It accesses the full range of life forms that still inhabit our planet and logically and explicitly classifies them according to their evolutionary relationships. Definitive characteristics of each phylum are professionally described in ways that, unlike most scientific literature, profoundly respect the needs of educators, students and nature lovers. This work is meant to be of interest to all evolutionists as well as to conservationists, ecologists, genomicists, geographers, microbiologists, museum curators, oceanographers, paleontologists and especially nature lovers whether artists, gardeners or environmental activists.

    Kingdoms and Domains is a unique and indispensable reference for anyone intrigued by a planetary phenomenon: the spectacular diversity of life, both microscopic and macroscopic, as we know it only on Earth today.
    • New Foreword by Edward O. Wilson
    • The latest concepts of molecular systematics, symbiogenesis, and the evolutionary importance of microbes
    • Newly expanded chapter openings that define each kingdom and place its members in context in geological time and ecological space
    • Definitions of terms in the glossary and throughout the book
    • Ecostrips, illustrations that place organisms in their most likely environments such as deep sea vents, tropical forests, deserts or hot sulfur springs
    • A new table that compares features of the most inclusive taxa
    • Application of a logical, authoritative, inclusive and coherent overall classification scheme based on evolutionary principles
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherAcademic Press
    Release dateMar 19, 2009
    ISBN9780080920146
    Kingdoms and Domains: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth
    Author

    Lynn Margulis

    Lynn Margulis works in the University of Massachusetts-Amherst, USA.

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    • 4/5
      Essential reading for anyone interested in evolution and diversity. Comprehensively covers all organisms, in many cases down to the levels of class and order.

    Book preview

    Kingdoms and Domains - Lynn Margulis

    Development Editors: Janet Tannenbaum, Kendra Clark

    Project Editor: Georgia Lee Hadler

    Cover and Text Designer: Diana Blume

    Illustration Coordinator: Susan Wein

    Production Coordinators: Maura Studley, Mani Prabakaran

    Composition: Electronic Publishing Center and Progressive Information Technologies

    Manufacturing: The Maple-Vail Manufacturing Group, Macmillan Solutions

    Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

    Margulis, Lynn 1938– and Michael J. Chapman 1961–

    Kingdoms & Domains: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth/Lynn Margulis,

    Michael J. Chapman — 4th ed.

    p. cm.

    Includes bibliographical references and index.

    ISBN 0-7167-3026-X (hardcover: alk. paper).—ISBN 0-7167-3027-8 (pbk.: alk. paper).—

    ISBN 0-7167-3183-5 (pbk.: alk paper/ref. booklet).

    ISBN: 978-0-12-373621-5

    1. Biology—Classification, Evolution

    QH83.M36 1998

    570′.1′2—dc21                   97-21338

                            CIP

    Copyright © 1982, 1988, 1998 by W. H. Freeman and Company. All rights reserved.

    © 2009 by Lynn Margulis

    No part of this book may be reproduced by any mechanical, photographic, or electronic process, or in the form of a phonographic recording, nor may it be stored in a retrieval system, transmitted, or otherwise copied for public or private use, without written permission from the publisher.

    Printed in the United States of America

    First Printing, 1982

    COVER IMAGE—Classification schemes help us comprehend life on this blue and green planet. But classification schemes are an invention; the human hand attempting to sort, group, and rank the types of life that share Earth with us. Because no person witnessed the more than 3000 million years of the history of life, our domains, kingdoms, phyla, classes, and genera are approximations.

    In the metaphor of the hand, the lines within the hand outline and separate the kingdoms. The thumb represents the earliest kingdom of bacteria (the Prokaryotae), which includes the Archaea (Archaeabacteria). The fingers, more like one another, represent the living forms composed of nucleated cells. The back of the hand and the baby finger are continuous; they form a loosely allied, ancient group of microbes and their descendants: members of kingdom Protoctista—seaweeds, water molds, ciliates, slime nets, and a multitude of other water dwellers. The ring and middle fingers stand together: The molds and mushrooms of kingdom Fungi and the green plants of kingdom Plantae made possible the habitation of the land. Members of kingdom Animalia, the most recent kingdom to venture onto dry land, are on the index finger.

    No matter how we care to divide the phenomenon of life, regardless of the names that we choose to give to species or the topologies devised for family trees, the multifarious forms of life envelop our planet and, over eons, gradually but profoundly change its surface. Life and Earth become a unity, intertwined where each alters the other. A graphic depiction of our taxonomic hypothesis, the hand and globe image, conveys the intricate mergers, fusions and anastomoses that comprise the web of life. [Illustration based on a design by Dorion Sagan.]

    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    COVER IMAGE

    TITLE

    COPYRIGHT PAGE

    DEDICATION

    LIST OF FIGURES

    LIST OF TABLES

    FOREWORD

    FOREWORD TO 1ST-3RD EDITIONS

    PREFACE

    ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

    INTRODUCTION

    SUPERKINGDOM PROKARYA

    Origins not by symbiogenesis

    Chapter One. KINGDOM PROKARYOTAE (Bacteria, Monera, Prokarya)

    SUBKINGDOM (DOMAIN) ARCHAEA

    SUBKINGDOM (DOMAIN) EUBACTERIA

    Bibliography: Bacteria

    SUPERKINGDOM EUKARYA

    Origins by symbiogenesis

    Chapter Two. KINGDOM PROTOCTISTA

    FOUR MODES

    Kingdom Protoctista

    Subkingdom (Division) Amitochondria

    Subkingdom (Division) amoebamorpha

    Subkingdom (Division) alveolata

    Subkingdom (Division) heterokonta

    Subkingdom (Division) isokonta

    Subkingdom (Division) akonta

    Subkingdom (Division) opisthokonta

    Bibliography: Protoctista

    Chapter Three. ANIMALIA

    Kingdom Animalia

    SUBKINGDOM (Division) PLACOZOA (no nerves or antero-posterior asymmetry)

    SUBKINGDOM (Division) PARAZOA (nerve nets)

    SUBKINGDOM (Division) EUMETAZOA (nervous and muscular systems)

    Bibliography: Animalia

    Chapter Four. KINGDOM FUNGI

    Kingdom Fungi

    Bibliography: Fungi

    Chapter Five. KINGDOM PLANTAE

    Kingdom Plantae

    Subkingdom Bryata

    Subkingdom Tracheata

    Bibliography: Plantae

    General glossary

    Organism Glossary

    Index

    APPENDIX

    List of Figures

    Introduction

    Chapter 1

    Chapter 2  117

    Chapter 3

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