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    The Steam Turbine Cycle
    The Steam Turbine Cycle
    The Steam Turbine Cycle
    Ebook54 pages38 minutes

    The Steam Turbine Cycle

    By William J. Kearton

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    About this ebook

    This book contains classic material dating back to the 1900s and before. The content has been carefully selected for its interest and relevance to a modern audience.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherRead Books Ltd.
    Release dateMay 31, 2013
    ISBN9781473385702
    The Steam Turbine Cycle

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      Book preview

      The Steam Turbine Cycle - William J. Kearton

      CYCLE

      THE STEAM TURBINE CYCLE

      IN all heat engines we use some substance, termed the working substance, to which we supply heat, so causing the working substance to expand and overcome an external resistance during the expansion. After the period of doing work, we have some cold body or receiver of heat to which the working substance rejects heat before taking in a fresh supply of heat from the hot body or source of heat.

      28. Definition of Cycle. The working substance is said to have gone through a cycle of operations, when, after undergoing changes in pressure, volume, and temperature, and after doing external work and taking in and rejecting heat, it is ultimately brought back to its initial state as regards pressure, volume, and temperature.

      The cycle thus defined is a closed cycle when it is completed within the engine itself and an open cycle when it is completed outside the engine.

      The working substance in all gas and oil engines is a mixture of air and fuel vapour or gas. In all steam engines and turbines, the working substance is, of course, water and water vapour.

      29. Actual Steam Turbine Cycle. Fig. 16 shows a diagrammatic arrangement of a complete steam turbine plant. Various plants differ in detail, but the one shown in Fig. 16 is fairly typical of the ordinary power station machine. The figures given show the approximate pressure and temperature of the steam, products of combustion, etc., at the most important points, and are roughly representative of modern practice.

      The boiler shown is the Babcock and Wilcox water tube boiler. Its principal features are a steam drum A, which is supported by a steel framework, the headers B, and the inclined tubes C. D is the feed check valve, by means of which the inflow of feed water into the boiler may be regulated so as to keep a constant water level in the boiler. The steam formed in the boiler passes out through the pipe E into the superheater F, in which its temperature is raised above that corresponding to the pressure. After passing through the superheater, the steam enters the separator G, in which any moisture which it might contain is taken from it. The separator is automatically drained by means of a steam trap, the drain water thus discharged being delivered to the hot well. Before entering the turbine, the steam passes through the turbine stop valve and governor valve in which it is slightly throttled, its pressure falling about 10 to 15 lbs. per square inch. In passing through the turbine, the steam suffers a series of

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