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Hindustani Lyrics - Jessie Duncan Westbrook
The Project Gutenberg EBook of Hindustani Lyrics, by Various
This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
Title: Hindustani Lyrics
Author: Various
Translator: Inayat Khan and Jessie Westbrook
Release Date: February 7, 2006 [EBook #17711]
Language: English
*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HINDUSTANI LYRICS ***
Produced by Ron Swanson
ZAFAR.
HINDUSTANI LYRICS
RENDERED FROM THE URDU
BY
INAYAT KHAN
AND
JESSIE DUNCAN WESTBROOK
Sufism is the Religious Philosophy of Love, Harmony, and Beauty
LONDON:
THE SUFI PUBLISHING SOCIETY, LTD.,
86, LADBROKE ROAD, LONDON, W. 11.
All rights reserved.
1919
CONTENTS.
PORTRAIT OF ZAFAR
FOREWORD
URDU LYRICS:—
ABRU
AMIR
ASIF
DAGH
FIGHAN
GHALIB
HALI
HASAN
INSHA
JURAT
MIR
MIR SOZ
MIR TAQI
MOMIN
MUSHAFI
MUZTAR
NASIKH
SAUDA
SHAMSHAD
TABAN
WALI
YAKRANG
ZAFAR
ZAHIR
ZAUQ
FRAGMENTS:—
ARZU
GHALIB
HATIM
MAZHAR
MIR DARD
MIR SOZ
MIR TAQI
SAUDA
TABAN
GLOSSARY
FOREWORD.
Of the many languages of India, Urdu (Hindustani) is the most widely known, especially in Upper India. Both as a written and a spoken language it has a reputation throughout Asia for elegance and expressiveness. Until the time of Muhammad Shah, Indian poetry was written in Persian. But that monarch, who mounted the throne of Delhi in 1719, greatly desired to make Urdu the vogue, and under his patronage and approval, Hatim, one of his ministers, and Wali of the Deccan, wrote Diwans in Urdu. This patronage of poets was continued by his successors, and exists indeed to the present day; and the cultivation of Urdu poetry has always been encouraged at the many Courts of India. Some of the Indian Rulers are themselves poets, and find their duty and pleasure in rewarding with gifts and pensions the literary men whose works they admire. The Court of Hyderabad has for long had a circle of poets: the late Nizam was himself eminent as a writer of verse. The Maharaja-Gaekwar of Baroda is a generous patron of literary men, and the present Rulers of lesser States such as Patiala, Nabha, Tonk, and Rampur, are deeply interested in the cultivation of poetry in their Dominions.
In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries many towns in India had extensive and flourishing literary coteries, and it is from the poets Of that period that this handful of verses is gathered. The Mushaira—a poetical concourse, wherein rival poets meet to try their skill in a tournament of verse—is still an institution in India. Delhi, Agra, Lucknow, Lahore, Cawnpore, Allahabad, Benares, Calcutta, and Hyderabad, have all been, and some still are, nests of singing birds. Of the extent of Urdu literature some idea may be gained from the fact that a History of it written about 1870 gives the names of some three thousand authors, and that Tazkiras or anthologies containing selections from many poets are very numerous.
The poetry is very varied and of great interest. It includes moral verses and counsels, sometimes in intermingled verse and prose; heroic poems telling the old tales of the loves of Khusru and Shirin, of Yusuf and Zuleika, of Majnun and Leila, and the romances of chivalry; elegies on the deaths of Hasan and Hussein, and of various monarchs; devotional poems in praise of Muhammad and the Imams; eulogies of the reigning Ruler or other patron or protector of the poor; satires upon men and institutions, sometimes upon Nature herself, specially upon such phenomena as heat, cold, inundations and pestilence; descriptive verse relating to the seasons and the months, the flowers and the trees. Above all there is a great wealth